In the final of our Halloween inspired series, we are taking a look at the nightmare-inducing Bobbit worm (Eunice aphroditois).
Even though these annelid worms can reach a massive 9.8 ft in length their nocturnal nature means that they have been known to hide in fish tanks for months confusing owners as to where their fish are disappearing to!
Bobbit worms are very slim and can often be found buried in soft sediment. As an ambush predator, they use their five antennae to sense passing prey. When their prey is within reach they lunge forwards striking them with their mandibles with such force that they can split them in two, and then dragging them down into the depths of their lair *collective shudder here*! Check out this little beauty in the BBC Earth footage here.
18th October
Today, continuing the Halloween theme, we are looking at the Vampire Squid. As if this name wasn't cool enough their Latin name is Vampyroteuthis infernalis, or 'Vampire squid from hell', insert maniacal laugh here!
As can be seen in the encounter above, with EVNautilus, these species are so-called because they have large red eyes and velvety black or red cloak-like webbing that stretches between each of its eight arms. If threatened they will turn their cloak inside out and show off the rows of spines (cirri) lining the inside of the cloak. Just like Dumbo Octopus adults have a pair of ear-like flaps on their mantles which they can use for propulsion.
They don't actually feed on blood like their name suggests but instead eat 'marine snow', a delightful mix of decaying animals, plants and faecal matter, that slowly falls the 600 - 900 metres to the deep dark depths of the ocean that the squid calls home. You can learn more about the feeding behaviour of vampire squid here, and do check out the video, their iridescent cloak is very beautiful!
11th October
Today we are getting in the Halloween spirit and investigating Zombie Worms ( Osedax
)! These worms are also called bone-eating worms as they secrete acid which allows them to bore into the bones of carcasses to get at the delicious lipids within, yum! These worms lack a mouth and stomach and so digest the fat and proteins using symbiotic bacteria.
The feathery plumes that can be seen above act as gills with the root structure hidden within the bone. Above we only see females, and we know this because the males in the majority of these species never develop past larval stage, living in great numbers of between 50 and 100+, as "harems" inside the lumen of the gelatinous tube that surrounds each female. This ensures that food competition between sexes is removed and females are able to grow to greater size and produce more offspring.
One species Osedax priapus
has diverged from this path and has evolved an extendable trunk that allows them to travel across the bone to find females. You can learn more about this species and sexual dimorphism of Osedax
in the Current Biology journal here.
4th October 2019
After our Philippines' team was greeted by so many Frogfish recently (see here ) we had to feature them this week.
As can be seen in the photo above frogfish (family: Antennariidae) are masters of disguise, and can be seen in a huge range of colours and textures to match the substrate or coral. They are a wolf in sheep's clothing as they practice a behaviour called 'aggressive mimicry', where they can mimic a harmless species or feature, in order to assist them in the hunt! Adult frogfish also have an illicium which acts as a lure to tempt prey species towards them, they then suddenly open their jaws which pulls the surrounding water and prey into their mouths, where they can swallow it whole! This jaw motion can be as quick as 6 milliseconds!
Frogfish make the perfect photography subject as they spend much of their time still, blending in with their surroundings. If they do want to move they'll push themselves along the seafloor using their fins, occasionally jet propelling forward by sucking water in through their mouths and pushing it out the gills.
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