Today we are looking at the handfish, which are anglerfish within the Brachionichthyidae family. It's not too challenging to see where this fish gets its name from, as can be seen in the photo below their highly modified pectoral fins closely resemble hands and in fact, they much prefer to walk along the ocean floor than swim.
Handfish are only found in Southern Australia and Tasmania and sadly many of the species are critically endangered as a result of an introduced starfish species that eat their eggs, and also the ease at which their eggs can be dislodged from where they lay them at the bases of seaweed. They are also impacted by poaching and suffer from low reproductive and dispersal rates.
Their skin is covered in denticles, tooth-like scales both in look and structure as they are composed of an inner soft core of tissues, blood vessels, and nerves, enclosed by dentine and then an outer layer of vitrodentine, a largely inorganic enamel-like substance. These denticles don’t continue to grow in size, but instead stop at a certain size and from that point onward more denticles are added.
You can read more about this lovely looking species in the article here.
22nd November 2019
Today we are looking at the Armoured Searobin or gurnard (family: Peristediidae, of the bony fishes: scorpaeniform). The name 'Searobin' comes from the orange underside of one of the species in the Western Atlantic and their large pectoral fins which rather resemble wings when the fish is moving.
As can be seen in the footage, this fish has three 'legs' (2 visible below) which were originally part of the pectoral fin, they act as chemorecep tors picking up the amino acids common in their invertebrate prey. These flexible spines allow the fish to crawl along the seafloor whilst feeling out for food. We can also see the very elaborate webbed barbel on the chin which also helps the fish to sense prey.
This is one of those posts where words don't really do this odd-looking fish justice! Do check out the video below captured by the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research.
Image on article thumbnail - NOAA's Fisheries Collection; Collection of Brandi Noble [ Public domain]
15th November 2019
With the weather getting colder, today we are looking at the rather beautifully named 'marine snow', the detritus that resembles snowflakes as it slowly drifts down to the ocean floor. Some flakes take weeks to descend. In reality, this poetically named phenomenon is actually mostly composed of poo, and decaying animals and plant matter, delightful!
You may not want to make snow angels in it but marine snow is incredibly important in sustaining the many marine creatures that call the very lowest depths of our oceans, home. The flakes have been shown to contain plenty of carbon and nitrogen for seabed scavengers. Those items that aren't eaten become part of the sea floor, and continue to decompose. This muddy ooze covers about three-quarters of the ocean floor and grows by as much as six meters every million years.
Check out the video below.
8th November 2019
Today's focus is on the genus Chimaera, also known as ghost sharks, rat fish, spookfish or rabbit fish.
In mythology, a Chimaera is a hybrid creature composed of the parts of a lion, goat, and snake. This name becomes clear when we see the interesting seam pattern on the ghost sharks' body below that makes it look like it's been stitched together.
They aren't actually sharks but they do bear a few similarities in that they are cartilaginous, the males use claspers for internal fertilisation of females and they lay eggs with leathery cases. Unlike sharks, male chimaeras have a retractable 'tentaculum' on their forehead which is used to hold the female in place when mating.
Do take a look at the footage above, their swimming pattern is reminiscent of rays, flapping their pectoral fins so that they seem to fly through the water.
You can learn more here.
Article cover image courtesy of NOAA [Public domain]
1st November 2019
Today we are taking a looking at the Frilled Shark ( Chlamydoselachus anguineus ). This is one of two surviving members of the Chlamydoselachidae family and has often been called a living fossil. All other sharks have separate gills but these have their first set joined across their throat, and each gill has a frilled edge, hence the name.
As can be seen in the picture below they have an awesome set of teeth, each tooth has needle-like projections pointed towards the throat which ensures that once caught there's no escape, very handy when these sharks like to swallow their prey whole! They have never actually been seen hunting so it is now known how they catch their prey but it is thought their bright white teeth may act as a lure to unsuspecting prey!
This species has one of the longest gestation periods of vertebrates, a whopping 3.5 years! They are aplacental (no placenta) viviparous (vivi - live, parous - bearing) meaning that embryos develop in eggs reliant on a yolk sack until they are ready to be born. Why not check out more facts about this cool deep sea wanderer here?
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